Area Forecast Discussion
Issued by NWS Boston, MA
Issued by NWS Boston, MA
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681 FXUS61 KBOX 221351 AFDBOX Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA 851 AM EST Fri Nov 22 2024 .SYNOPSIS... Strong low pressure near western CT early this morning will continue to move westward today into southern NY, then meanders east and northeast into the Canadian Maritimes through the weekend. Rains gradually decrease early this morning, with a lull in the rain for most of today, but rain chances increase again late this afternoon and tonight before pulling away into early Saturday. Considerable cloudiness for this weekend with gusty northwest winds. Brief dry weather returns on Monday. The rest of the week looks active, with one storm system around Tuesday spreading rain showers. Blustery, cooler and dry for Wednesday, then monitoring for additional storminess around Thanksgiving or Black Friday. && .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 PM THIS EVENING/... 850 AM Update... * Scattered showers especially this morning but not a washout * Highs from 45 to 55 with the mildest readings in eastern MA A well developed vertically stacked system across eastern NY will gradually sink southward today. In response...a mid level dryslot has overspread the region allowing for some partial sunshine across eastern MA and RI. The cold pool aloft has resulted in some instability with the partial sunshine and allowed scattered showers to develop. There was even some graupel being reported with the activity given the cold temps aloft. Meanwhile...temps are cold enough along the highest terrain in the east slopes of the Berkshires to support some wet snow this morning. Any accums will be very minor slushy and not impactful. Otherwise...while we may continue to see hit or miss showers into the afternoon...not expecting a washout and much of the time will be dry. Another slug of more widespread rain will be working into the area by late afternoon/early evening with the greatest coverage expected across eastern MA. High temps should range from mainly the 40s across the interior...but across eastern MA and RI will probably see highs reach between 50 and 55 given the partial sunshine during the morning. && .SHORT TERM /6 PM THIS EVENING THROUGH 6 PM SATURDAY/... Key Messages * Another round of showers develops Friday afternoon and continues into Saturday morning * Gusty northwest winds around 35 mph expected Saturday afternoon Tonight Showers continue overnight as the aforementioned short-wave energy approaching from the southeast pivots north into The Gulf of Maine. Expect the heaviest precipitation over The Cape/Islands and east/northeastern MA. An additional 0.25 to 0.5 inches will be in the cards for these areas. Further across the interior, only expecting modest shower activity with a tenth to a quarter of an inch possible. As the surface low moves north into The Gulf of Maine, winds will shift to the north/northwest. This will advect cooler air into southern New England and support chilly temperatures tonight into tomorrow morning. In fact, the cooler air aloft may support some snow at elevations above 1500 feet in The Berkshires or northern Worcester Hills, but no significant accumulations or impacts are expected. Low temps bottom out in the low to mid 30s west of I- 495 and mid to upper 30s east of I-495. Saturday Coastal low-pressure system continues to meander over The Gulf of Maine for most of the day Saturday. This will continue to support showers across the eastern areas. Further west we should begin to see some gradually clearing as northwest flow advects drier air into the region. Air mass will be cooler with 925 hPa temps aloft close to the freezing mark. This would translate to surface high temps in the mid to upper 40s on Saturday afternoon. Of greater concern for Saturday will be the potential for gusty northwest winds. Latest model guidance has trended toward a stronger low-level jet on Saturday afternoon with 925/850 hPa wind speeds peaking between 35 and 50 knots respectively. BUFKIT soundings support momentum transfer of 35+ knots to the surface or perhaps even higher depending on the model. The tricky part of this forecast will be the determining the efficiency of mixing in the boundary layer,particularly across eastern MA where cloud cover will be more extensive. Model derived low-level lapse rates are coming in around 8 to 9 C/Km for Saturday afternoon, which would imply enough mixing to support stronger northwest wind gusts. Right now thinking 30 knots (~35 mph) gusts on Saturday afternoon will be in the cards for much of southern New England. Some locations across southeastern MA, The Cape, and Islands may even approach wind advisory criteria (40+ knot gusts, 45+ mph). Confidence in reaching those values is not high enough to warrant wind headlines at this time, but we will be monitoring this portion of the forecast closely over the next 24 hours. && .LONG TERM /SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH THURSDAY/... Highlights: * Gradually drying out this weekend with seasonably cool temps, but with NW gusts 25-40 mph Sat night into Sun early PM. * Tranquil and seasonable Mon. * Frontal system for Tue spreads lighter showers early on Tue, then dry and blustery for Wed. * Monitoring more active weather around the Thanksgiving holiday or Black Friday, some of which could be wintry, but uncertainty is very large. Details: Saturday Night and Sunday: Strong low pressure over the Canadian Maritimes will continue to slowly move ENE through the rest of the weekend. Tight NW pressure gradient will continue to drive blustery NW winds. Approach of secondary shortwave disturbance moving through Ontario SE into New England late Sat night into early on Sun will increase a NWly low- level jet, which global models indicate ~40-45 kt at 850 mb. Expect a cloudy and blustery night Sat night with gusts 25-35 mph, on the higher end of that range over the higher terrain. As mixing depth increases with a bit more in the way of sun on Sunday, we could see gusts punch into the 30-40 mph range into the early afternoon, near Advisory levels, then decreasing into the mid afternoon as the low level jet weakens. The gusty conditions will make it feel much cooler than forecast temps; lows Sat night in the mid to upper 30s may feel more like the upper 20s to near freezing with the NW breeze, and highs 45-50 on Sunday. Clearing skies will lead to a chilly Sun night with lows in the upper 20s to the lower to mid 30s, but will feel cooler with a continued NW wind around 10-15 mph. Monday: Monday likely to be the pick of the forecast with high pressure ridging in, offering full sun and a slackening wind. Modest warm advection with 925 mb temps up to around +4 to +6C brings highs into the low to mid 50s. Monday Night thru Tuesday Night: The 500 mb pattern becomes more active starting in this period, continuing into the workweek, as spokes of shortwave trough energy from the West Coast move across the CONUS. A lead shortwave moves into the Gt Lakes and Northeast region into Tue, bringing a risk for showers. However models vary on the strength of this wave with the ECMWF on the weaker side, while the GFS and Canadian are a little stronger and would offer a little more QPF. Highs around the 50s. Wednesday: Low pressure will have moved into the Maritimes early on Wed, and other than northwest breezes, early look at conditions for the biggest holiday travel day seem favorable with partly to mostly sunny conditions and highs in the 40s to near 50. Thursday/Friday: Pacific frontal system moves across the central US, leading to a developing storm system in the central Plains around Thurs. Quite a bit of uncertainty exists in the details, though there appears to be enough colder air in place to allow for some wintry weather possibilities Thurs and/or Fri, provided there is a favorable storm track. Kept PoP on the higher end of Chance but will be monitoring model developments very closely. && .AVIATION /14Z FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... Forecast Confidence Levels: Low - less than 30 percent. Moderate - 30 to 60 percent. High - greater than 60 percent. Today: Moderate confidence. Intermittent light rains with MVFR clouds for the interior, but for RI and eastern MA, a lull in rains are expected for part of the day with SCT-BKN VFR bases and southerly gusts around 20-25 kt. Late in the day (thinking after 20z, although exact timing is still a bit uncertain), another round of steadier rains develops over the southeast waters and rotates NNW into at least eastern MA and RI by 00z. As this rain moves in, expect ceilings lowering to MVFR levels, S winds shifting to SE/E around 10-12 kt and visbys around 4-6 SM in -RA/RA. Tonight: Moderate confidence. VFR/MVFR deteriorates to MVFR/IFR ceilings at most airports, with steadier RA at 4-6 SM vsby for at least eastern MA and RI, possibly as far west as BAF/BDL but the western extent is still uncertain. Rain should pull away toward the NE after 06z. SE/E winds become NE around 10 kt thru midnight, and then NW around 5-10 kt overnight before increasing in speed to 10-15 kt by daybreak Sat. Saturday: Moderate to high confidence. BKN/OVC MVFR/VFR ceilings with slow improvement trends. Gusty NW winds around 15 kt with gusts 25-35 kt. KBOS Terminal...A few scattered showers for a couple more hours this morning. Shower activity should wane by 13Z as skies scatter out from east to west. Otherwise, VFR with S around 10-15 kt/gusts to 25 kt most of the day. Another round of rain develops after 20z with developing SE/E winds and deteriorating cigs. KBDL Terminal...Moderate confidence in TAF. IFR/MVFR ceilings with MVFR rains on N winds initially. Abrupt windshift to SE/S 08-10z with categories trending MVFR. Otherwise, MVFR with more intermittent -RA today on S winds around 10 kt. Outlook /Saturday Night through Tuesday/... Saturday Night: Mainly VFR, with local MVFR possible. Windy with gusts up to 35 kt. Slight chance RA. Sunday: VFR. Windy with gusts up to 35 kt. Sunday Night through Monday: VFR. Breezy. Monday Night: Mainly VFR, with local MVFR possible. Chance RA. Tuesday: Mainly VFR, with local IFR possible. Breezy. Chance RA. && .MARINE... Forecaster Confidence Levels: Low - less than 30 percent. Medium - 30 to 60 percent. High - greater than 60 percent. Today through Saturday Low-pressure shift northwest away from the coastal waters today. This will support diminishing winds for this morning and tonight. Winds become more southerly today and while weaker, will still be blowing from to 10 to 20 knots. Gale force wind gusts come to an end this morning and generally become bounded by sustained winds or perhaps a few knots over (~15 knots). As the afternoon progresses, low-pressure approaching the waters from southeast of Nantucket will introduce a new round of rain along with a return to easterly winds which will shift to the north/northwest tonight into Saturday morning. Conditions begin to deteriorate again on Saturday with sustained northwest winds rising to 20 to 30 knots with gusts up to 40 knots by Saturday evening. Gale Warnings will be likely for the coastal waters Saturday afternoon through most of Sunday. Seas gradually come down with winds today as well and may fall below SCY criteria overnight. This will of course will be short-lived as the gale force winds expected Saturday afternoon brings seas back to the 5 to 8 foot range over the outer marine zones. Outlook /Saturday Night through Tuesday/... Saturday Night: Strong winds with gusts up to 35 kt. Rough seas up to 11 ft. Chance of rain. Sunday: Low risk for gale force winds with gusts up to 35 kt. Rough seas up to 10 ft. Sunday Night: Moderate risk for Small Craft Advisory winds with gusts up to 30 kt. Areas of rough seas. Monday: Winds less than 25 kt. Seas locally approaching 5 ft. Monday Night: Winds less than 25 kt. Chance of rain. Tuesday: Winds less than 25 kt. Seas locally approaching 5 ft. Chance of rain. && .BOX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...None. MA...None. RI...None. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 4 PM EST this afternoon for ANZ231>234-251. Small Craft Advisory until 9 PM EST this evening for ANZ235- 237. Small Craft Advisory until 7 AM EST Saturday for ANZ250- 254>256. && $$ SYNOPSIS...Loconto/RM NEAR TERM...Frank SHORT TERM...RM LONG TERM...Loconto AVIATION...Loconto/RM MARINE...Loconto/RM